What is a salivary gland ultrasound?
A salivary gland ultrasound is a non-invasive, painless, and safe examination method that uses high-frequency ultrasound to visualize and assess the main salivary glands – the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. This examination helps to detect structural changes, masses, inflammation, and other pathologies.
How is the salivary gland ultrasound performed?
The patient lies down or sits comfortably. A special gel is applied to the area being examined to ensure good contact with the ultrasound probe. The doctor examines the salivary glands on both sides, evaluating their size, structure, blood flow, and any potential pathological formations. The procedure usually takes 10 to 20 minutes, depending on the area being examined and the need for additional measurements or image storage.
What can a salivary gland ultrasound detect?
The examination allows evaluation of:
the size, shape, and structure of the glands;
signs of inflammation, cysts, or abscesses;
stones (calculi) in the glands or ducts;
tumors (benign or malignant);
blood flow in the gland (if Doppler mode is used).
The test helps diagnose:
salivary gland inflammation (e.g., sialadenitis);
salivary gland stones (sialolithiasis);
cysts or abscesses;
benign or malignant tumors;
autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren’s syndrome;
post-traumatic injuries or structural changes.
When does a doctor refer for a salivary gland ultrasound?
The test is recommended if:
there is pain or swelling in the salivary gland area;
inflammation or stones in the salivary glands are suspected;
chronic dry mouth symptoms are observed;
there are changes or lumps near the ear or under the jaw;
a tumor or enlarged lymph nodes are suspected;
monitoring of a previously diagnosed condition is needed.
Contraindications
There are no specific contraindications for salivary gland ultrasound. It is safe for patients of all ages and can be performed during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Preparation for the salivary gland ultrasound
No special preparation is required, but:
it is recommended to wear clothing that exposes the neck area;
it is advisable not to eat just before the test to avoid stimulating the glands;
previous examination results (e.g., CT, MRI, biopsy) should be brought along if available.
Good to know!
Salivary glands ensure oral cavity hydration, secretion of digestive enzymes, and antibacterial protection.
Pain, swelling, dry mouth, or discharge from the gland may indicate a serious health issue.
Early diagnosis with ultrasound can help prevent complications and choose the most appropriate treatment.
This examination is particularly useful in cases of chronic or recurring symptoms.
Results are usually available immediately after the examination. If a more detailed analysis or comparison with other studies is needed, the doctor will inform you when the report will be ready.
Both National Health Service (NHS)-funded and insurance-covered, as well as paid services, are available.
